ASME B36.10
ASME B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipes
ASME B36.10 is a widely recognized standard that specifies the dimensions and weights of welded and seamless wrought steel pipes. The standard plays a crucial role in various industries, including oil and gas, construction, power generation, and petrochemical sectors. ASME B36.10 defines the nominal wall thickness, outer diameter, and weight per unit length of carbon and low-alloy steel pipes, ensuring uniformity and reliability in piping systems.
Key Features
- Covers both seamless and welded wrought steel pipes.
- Defines nominal wall thickness and pipe schedules for different applications.
- Standardized outer diameters to maintain uniformity in manufacturing.
- Used in industries such as oil & gas, refineries, construction, power plants, and chemical processing.
Classification of Steel Pipes Under ASME B36.10
Seamless Pipes
Seamless pipes are manufactured without welded joints, making them highly reliable for high-pressure applications. They are produced using extrusion or rotary piercing processes, which create a uniform pipe structure without seams.
Welded Pipes
Welded pipes are manufactured by rolling steel plates or strips into cylindrical shapes and welding the edges together. They are available in various forms, including Electric Resistance Welded (ERW), Submerged Arc Welded (SAW), and Longitudinally Submerged Arc Welded (LSAW) pipes.
Pipe Schedules and Dimensions
ASME B36.10 defines pipe schedules, which indicate the wall thickness of pipes for a given nominal diameter. The most common pipe schedules include:
- SCH 10, SCH 20, SCH 30, SCH 40, SCH 60, SCH 80, SCH 100, SCH 120, SCH 140, SCH 160, and XXS (Extra Extra Strong).
Nominal Pipe Sizes (NPS) and Outer Diameter (OD)
ASME B36.10 uses Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) to define the approximate outer diameter of pipes. However, the actual outer diameter remains constant, while the wall thickness varies based on the schedule.
For example:
- NPS 2 (SCH 40) has an outer diameter of 2.375 inches (60.3 mm) and a wall thickness of 0.154 inches (3.91 mm).
- NPS 4 (SCH 80) has an outer diameter of 4.5 inches (114.3 mm) and a wall thickness of 0.337 inches (8.56 mm).
| Nominal Pipe Size | Outside Diameter (mm) | Nominal Wall Thickness Schedule | |||||||||||||||||
| NPS | DN | OD | SCH 5s | SCH l0s | SCH 10 | SCH 20 | SCH 30 | SCH 40s | SCH STD | SCH 40 | SCH 60 | SCH 80s | SCH XS | SCH 80 | SCH 100 | SCH 120 | SCH 140 | SCH 160 | SCH XXS |
| 1/8 | 6 | 10.3 | 1.24 | 1.73 | 1.73 | 1.73 | 2.41 | 2.41 | 2.41 | ||||||||||
| 1/4 | 8 | 13.7 | 1.65 | 2.24 | 2.24 | 2.24 | 3.02 | 3.02 | 3.02 | ||||||||||
| 3/8 | 10 | 17.1 | 1.65 | 2.31 | 2,31 | 2.31 | 3.20 | 3.20 | 3.20 | ||||||||||
| 1/2 | 15 | 21.3 | 1.65 | 2.11 | 2.77 | 2.77 | 2.77 | 3.73 | 3.73 | 3.73 | 4.78 | 7.47 | |||||||
| 3/4 | 20 | 26.7 | 1.65 | 2.11 | 2.87 | 2.87 | 2.87 | 3.91 | 3.91 | 3.91 | 5.56 | 7.82 | |||||||
| 1 | 25 | 33.4 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.38 | 3.38 | 3.38 | 4.55 | 4.55 | 4.55 | 6.35 | 9.09 | |||||||
| 1 1/4 | 32 | 42.2 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.56 | 3.56 | 3,56 | 4.85 | 4.85 | 4.85 | 6.35 | 9.70 | |||||||
| 1 1/2 | 40 | 48.3 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.68 | 3.68 | 3.68 | 5.08 | 5.08 | 5.08 | 7.14 | 10.15 | |||||||
| 2 | 50 | 60.3 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.91 | 3.91 | 3.91 | 5.54 | 5.54 | 5.54 | 8.74 | 11.07 | |||||||
| 2 1/2 | 65 | 73 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 5.16 | 5.16 | 5.16 | 7.01 | 7.01 | 7.01 | 9.53 | 14.02 | |||||||
| 3 | 80 | 88.9 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 5.49 | 5.49 | 5.49 | 7.62 | 7.62 | 7.62 | 11.13 | 15.24 | |||||||
| 3 1/2 | 90 | 101.6 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 5.74 | 5.74 | 5.74 | 8.08 | 8.08 | 8.08 | |||||||||
| 4 | 100 | 114.3 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 6.02 | 6.02 | 6.02 | 8.56 | 8.56 | 8.56 | 11.13 | 13.49 | 17.12 | ||||||
| 5 | 125 | 141.3 | 2.77 | 3.40 | 6.55 | 6.55 | 6.55 | 9.53 | 9,53 | 9.53 | 12.70 | 15.88 | 19.05 | ||||||
| 6 | 150 | 168.3 | 2.77 | 3.40 | 7.11 | 7.11 | 7.11 | 10.97 | 10.97 | 10.97 | 14.27 | 18.26 | 21.95 | ||||||
| 8 | 200 | 219.1 | 2.77 | 3.76 | 6.35 | 7.04 | 8.18 | 8.18 | 8.18 | 10.31 | 12.70 | 12.70 | 12.70 | 15.09 | 18.26 | 20.62 | 23.01 | 22.23 | |
| 10 | 250 | 273.1 | 3.40 | 4.19 | 6.35 | 7.80 | 9.27 | 9.27 | 9.27 | 12.70 | 12.70 | 12.70 | 15.09 | 18.26 | 21.44 | 25.40 | 28.58 | 25.40 | |
| 12 | 300 | 323.9 | 3.96 | 4.57 | 6.35 | 8.38 | 9.53 | 9.53 | 10.31 | 14.27 | 12.70 | 12.70 | 17.48 | 21.44 | 25.40 | 28.58 | 33.32 | 25.40 | |
| 14 | 350 | 355.6 | 3.96 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 9.53 | 9.53 | 11.13 | 15.09 | 12.70 | 19.05 | 23.83 | 27.79 | 31.75 | 35.71 | |||
| 16 | 400 | 406.4 | 4.19 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 9.53 | 9.53 | 12.70 | i6.66 | 12.70 | 21.44 | 26.19 | 30.96 | 36.53 | 40.49 | |||
| 18 | 450 | 457.2 | 4.19 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 11.13 | 9.53 | 14.27 | 19.05 | 12.70 | 23.83 | 29.36 | 34.93 | 39,67 | 45.24 | |||
| 20 | 500 | 508 | 4.78 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 12.70 | 9.53 | 15.09 | 20.62 | 12.70 | 26.19 | 32.54 | 38.10 | 44.45 | 50.01 | |||
| 22 | 559 | 4.78 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 12.70 | 9.53 | 22.23 | 12.70 | 28.58 | 34.93 | 41.28 | 47.63 | 53.98 | |||||
| 24 | 600 | 610 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 14.27 | 9.53 | 17.48 | 24.61 | 12.70 | 30.96 | 38.89 | 46.02 | 52.37 | 59.54 | |||
| 26 | 660 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 9.53 | 12.70 | ||||||||||||||
| 28 | 700 | 711 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 15.88 | 9.53 | 12.70 | ||||||||||||
| 30 | 762 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 15.88 | 9.53 | 12.70 | |||||||||||
| 32 | 800 | 813 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 15.88 | 9.53 | 17.48 | 12.70 | |||||||||||
| 34 | 884 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 15.88 | 9.53 | 17.48 | 12.70 | ||||||||||||
| 36 | 900 | 914 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 15.88 | 9.53 | 19.05 | 12.70 | |||||||||||
| 38 | 965 | 9.53 | 12.70 | ||||||||||||||||
| 40 | 1000 | 1016 | 9.53 | 12.70 | |||||||||||||||
| 42 | 1067 | 12.70 | 15.88 | 9.53 | 19.05 | 12.70 | |||||||||||||
| 44 | 1100 | 1118 | 9.53 | 12.70 | |||||||||||||||
| 46 | 1168 | 9.53 | 12.70 | ||||||||||||||||
| 48 | 1200 | 1219 | 9.53 | 12.70 | |||||||||||||||
| 52 | 1321 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 56 | 1422 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 60 | 1524 | ||||||||||||||||||
Materials and Grades
1. Carbon Steel
- ASTM A53 – Used for mechanical and pressure applications.
- ASTM A106 – Ideal for high-temperature services.
- API 5L – Commonly used in oil and gas pipelines.
2. Low-Alloy Steel
- ASTM A333 – Suitable for low-temperature applications.
- ASTM A335 – Designed for high-temperature services in power plants and refineries.
Manufacturing Processes
1. Seamless Pipe Manufacturing
- Hot Piercing & Rolling – Steel billets are heated and pierced to form hollow tubes.
- Cold Drawing – Improves mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy.
- Heat Treatment – Enhances strength and toughness.
2. Welded Pipe Manufacturing
- ERW (Electric Resistance Welding) – High-frequency current is used to fuse steel strips.
- SAW (Submerged Arc Welding) – Used for large-diameter pipes in high-pressure applications.
- LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) – Ideal for long pipelines in oil and gas.
Applications
- Oil & Gas Industry
- Power Plants
- Construction & Infrastructure
- Chemical & Petrochemical Industry