Carbon Steel Reducer
A carbon steel reducer is a pipe fitting used to connect two pipes of different diameters. It facilitates a smooth transition in the flow of fluids between pipes of varying sizes, maintaining optimal pressure and flow characteristics. The reducer is a vital component in a piping system, often utilized in industries such as oil and gas, chemical, water treatment, and construction.
What is a Carbon Steel Reducer?
- Concentric Reducers: These have a central axis where the diameter of the pipe is reduced symmetrically. The reduction occurs evenly from the center to the outer edges of the pipe. Concentric reducers are commonly used in vertical pipelines.
- Eccentric Reducers: These reducers are designed with an offset centerline, meaning the smaller diameter pipe is aligned to one side of the larger pipe. This design is often preferred in horizontal piping systems to ensure that the flow of fluid remains uninterrupted and the pipe does not sag.
Technical Specification
| Material Grade | – A106 Grade B |
| – A234 WPB | |
| – A105 | |
| Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) | – Ranges from NPS 1/2 to NPS 48 (or more) |
| Outside Diameter (OD) | – Varies based on NPS size (e.g., NPS 4 has an OD of 4.5 inches / 114.3 mm) |
| Wall Thickness | – Sch 10, Sch 40, Sch 80, Sch 160, Sch XXS (extra strong) |
| Pressure Rating | – Typically 150 to 2500 psi, dependent on size and material grade |
| Temperature Range | – Commonly rated up to 400°C (752°F), but some special alloys may handle higher temperatures |
| End Type | – Butt Weld |
| – Socket Weld | |
| – Threaded | |
| – Flanged | |
| Reducer Type | – Concentric |
| – Eccentric | |
| Tolerance | – Tolerances typically ±1/8 inch or ±0.2 mm (depends on manufacturer and pipe grade) |
| Test Requirements | – Hydrostatic Test |
| – Pneumatic Test | |
| – Ultrasonic Test (for material integrity) | |
| Surface Finish | – Plain (mill finish) |
| – Galvanized | |
| – Painted (for corrosion resistance) | |
| Length of Reducer | – Standard length varies from 4 to 12 inches (custom lengths available upon request) |
| Coating Options | – Zinc coating, epoxy coating, or painting for corrosion protection |
| Certifications | – ISO 9001 certified, CE marking, API certifications (where applicable) |
| Material Compatibility | – Suitable for use with oil, gas, water, chemicals, steam, and other fluids in industrial applications |
| Weight | – Varies by size and wall thickness (e.g., for NPS 4, weight may be approximately 8-10 kg) |
Carbon Steel Concentric and Eccentric Reducer Dimensions Chart (in lbs)
| NOMINAL PIPE SIZE | OUTSIDE DIAMETER | END TO END | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inch | D | P | H |
| 3/4 x 1/2 | 26.7 | 21.3 | 38 |
| 3/4 x 3/8 | 26.7 | 17.1 | 38 |
| 1 x 3/4 | 33.4 | 26.7 | 51 |
| 1 x 1/2 | 33.4 | 21.3 | 51 |
| 1 1/4 x 1 | 42.2 | 33.4 | 51 |
| 1 1/4 x 3/4 | 42.2 | 26.7 | 51 |
| 1 1/4 x 1/2 | 42.2 | 21.3 | 51 |
| 1 1/2 x 1 1/2 | 48.3 | 42.2 | 64 |
| 1 1/2 x 1 | 48.3 | 33.4 | 64 |
| 1 1/2 x 3/4 | 48.3 | 26.7 | 64 |
| 1 1/2 x 1/2 | 48.3 | 21.3 | 64 |
| 2 x 1 1/2 | 60.3 | 48.2 | 76 |
| 2 x 1 1/4 | 60.3 | 42.2 | 76 |
| 2 x 1 | 60.3 | 33.4 | 76 |
| 2 x 3/4 | 60.3 | 26.7 | 76 |
| 2 1/2 x 2 | 73 | 60.3 | 89 |
| 2 1/2 x 1 1/2 | 73 | 48.3 | 89 |
| 2 1/2 x 1 1/4 | 73 | 42.2 | 89 |
| 2 1/2 x 1 | 73 | 33.4 | 89 |
| 3 x 2 1/2 | 88.9 | 73 | 89 |
| 3 x 2 | 88.9 | 60.3 | 89 |
| 3 x 1 1/2 | 88.9 | 48.3 | 89 |
| 3 x 1 1/4 | 88.9 | 42.2 | 89 |
| 3 1/2 x 3 | 101.6 | 88.9 | 102 |
| 3 1/2 x 21/2 | 101.6 | 73 | 102 |
| 3 1/2 x 2 | 101.6 | 60.3 | 102 |
| 3 1/2 x 1 1/2 | 101.6 | 48.3 | 102 |
| 3 1/2 x 1 1/4 | 101.6 | 42.2 | 102 |
| 4 x 3 1/2 | 114.3 | 101.6 | 102 |
| 4 x 3 | 114.3 | 88.9 | 102 |
| 4 x 2 1/2 | 114.3 | 73 | 102 |
| 4 x 2 | 114.3 | 60.3 | 102 |
| 4 x 1 1/2 | 114.3 | 48.3 | 102 |
| 5 x 4 | 141.3 | 114.3 | 127 |
| 5 x 3 1/2 | 141.3 | 101.6 | 127 |
| 5 x 3 | 141.3 | 88.9 | 127 |
| 5 x 2 1/2 | 141.3 | 73 | 127 |
| 5 x 2 | 141.3 | 60.3 | 127 |
| 6 x 5 | 168.3 | 141.3 | 140 |
| 6 x 4 | 168.3 | 114.3 | 140 |
| 6 x 3 1/2 | 168.3 | 101.6 | 140 |
| 6 x 3 | 168.3 | 88.9 | 140 |
| 6 x 2 1/2 | 168.3 | 73 | 140 |
| 8 x 6 | 219.1 | 168.3 | 152 |
| 8 x 5 | 219.1 | 141.3 | 152 |
| 8 x 4 | 219.1 | 114.3 | 152 |
| 8 x 3 1/2 | 219.1 | 101.6 | 152 |
| 10 x 8 | 273.1 | 219.1 | 178 |
| 10 x 6 | 273.1 | 168.1 | 178 |
| 10 x 5 | 273.1 | 141.3 | 178 |
| 10 x 4 | 273.1 | 114.3 | 178 |
| 12 x 10 | 323.9 | 273.1 | 203 |
| 12 x 8 | 323.9 | 219.1 | 203 |
| 12 x 6 | 323.9 | 168.3 | 203 |
| 12 x 5 | 323.9 | 141.3 | 203 |
| 14 x 12 | 355.6 | 323.9 | 330 |
| 14 x 10 | 355.6 | 273.1 | 330 |
| 14 x 8 | 355.6 | 219.1 | 330 |
| 14 x 6 | 355.6 | 168.3 | 330 |
| 16 x 14 | 406.4 | 355.6 | 356 |
| 16 x 12 | 406.4 | 323.9 | 356 |
| 16 x 10 | 406.4 | 273.1 | 356 |
| 16 x 8 | 406.4 | 219.1 | 356 |
| 16 x 6 | 406.4 | 168.3 | 356 |
| 18 x 16 | 457 | 406.4 | 381 |
| 18 x 14 | 457 | 355.6 | 381 |
| 18 x 12 | 457 | 323.9 | 381 |
| 18 x 10 | 457 | 273.1 | 381 |
| 18 x 8 | 457 | 219.1 | 381 |
| 20 x 18 | 508 | 457 | 508 |
| 20 x 16 | 508 | 406.4 | 508 |
| 20 x 14 | 508 | 355.6 | 508 |
| 20 x 12 | 508 | 323.9 | 508 |
| 20 x 10 | 508 | 273.1 | 508 |
| 20 x 8 | 508 | 219.1 | 508 |
| 22 x 20 | 559 | 508 | 508 |
| 22 x 18 | 559 | 457 | 508 |
| 22 x 16 | 559 | 406.4 | 508 |
| 22 x 14 | 559 | 355.6 | 508 |
| 22 x 12 | 559 | 323.9 | 508 |
| 24 x 10 | 559 | 273.1 | 508 |
| 24 x 22 | 610 | 559 | 508 |
| 24 x 20 | 610 | 508 | 508 |
| 24 x 18 | 610 | 457 | 508 |
| 24 x 16 | 610 | 406.4 | 508 |
| 24 x 14 | 610 | 355.6 | 508 |
| 24 x 12 | 610 | 323.9 | 508 |
| 24 x 10 | 610 | 273.1 | 508 |
Carbon Steel Concentric and Eccentric Reducer Weight Chart
Equal Tee Weight Chart (in lbs)
| Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) | Schedule 40 | Schedule 80 | Schedule 160 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1/2″ | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.8 |
| 3/4″ | 1.4 | 1.8 | 2.5 |
| 1″ | 1.8 | 2.4 | 3.2 |
| 1 1/4″ | 2.3 | 3.0 | 4.0 |
| 1 1/2″ | 3.0 | 4.1 | 5.5 |
| 2″ | 4.2 | 6.2 | 8.3 |
| 2 1/2″ | 6.7 | 9.8 | 13.0 |
| 3″ | 9.4 | 14.1 | 18.7 |
| 4″ | 14.5 | 21.6 | 28.8 |
| 5″ | 19.0 | 28.3 | 37.7 |
| 6″ | 24.0 | 36.0 | 48.0 |
| 8″ | 34.0 | 51.0 | 68.0 |
| 10″ | 47.5 | 71.0 | 94.0 |
| 12″ | 60.0 | 90.0 | 120.0 |
| 14″ | 75.0 | 112.0 | 150.0 |
| 16″ | 94.0 | 141.0 | 188.0 |
| 18″ | 114.0 | 171.0 | 228.0 |
| 20″ | 134.0 | 201.0 | 268.0 |
| 24″ | 170.0 | 255.0 | 340.0 |
| 30″ | 255.0 | 382.5 | 510.0 |
| 36″ | 335.0 | 502.5 | 670.0 |
| 42″ | 420.0 | 630.0 | 840.0 |
| 48″ | 510.0 | 765.0 | 1020.0 |
Reducing Tee Weight Chart (in lbs)
| Run x Branch | Schedule 40 (lbs) | Schedule 80 (lbs) | Schedule 160 (lbs) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1/2″ x 3/8″ | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.6 |
| 3/4″ x 1/2″ | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1.2 |
| 1″ x 3/4″ | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.6 |
| 1 1/4″ x 1″ | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 |
| 1 1/2″ x 1″ | 1.2 | 1.8 | 2.5 |
| 2″ x 1 1/2″ | 1.8 | 2.7 | 3.6 |
| 2 1/2″ x 2″ | 2.5 | 3.8 | 5.1 |
| 3″ x 2″ | 3.5 | 5.3 | 7.0 |
| 3″ x 2 1/2″ | 3.8 | 5.7 | 7.6 |
| 4″ x 3″ | 5.5 | 8.3 | 11.0 |
| 5″ x 4″ | 7.3 | 10.9 | 14.4 |
| 6″ x 4″ | 9.5 | 14.2 | 18.9 |
| 6″ x 5″ | 10.1 | 15.1 | 20.2 |
| 8″ x 6″ | 15.5 | 23.3 | 31.1 |
| 10″ x 8″ | 21.0 | 31.5 | 42.0 |
| 12″ x 10″ | 28.0 | 42.0 | 56.0 |
| 14″ x 12″ | 36.0 | 54.0 | 72.0 |
| 16″ x 12″ | 44.0 | 66.0 | 88.0 |
| 18″ x 16″ | 56.0 | 84.0 | 112.0 |
| 20″ x 16″ | 68.0 | 102.0 | 136.0 |
| 24″ x 20″ | 96.0 | 144.0 | 192.0 |
| 24″ x 10″ | 80.0 | 120.0 | 160.0 |
Material Grade
- ASTM A234 WPB: This is one of the most widely used grades for carbon steel reducers. It is commonly used for medium to high-temperature services in pressure piping systems.
- ASTM A106 Grade B: Often used for carbon steel pipe reducers, this grade is for high-temperature service in pressure systems.
- ASTM A53 Grade B: Another common grade used for carbon steel pipes, including reducers, with applications in various industries.
- API 5L: For carbon steel pipes used in the oil and gas industry, this grade is common, with specifications for both welded and seamless pipes, including reducers.
- ASME SA234 WPB: Similar to ASTM A234 WPB, this grade is used for butt weld fittings and is often specified for use in high-pressure and high-temperature systems.
Application
- Oil and Gas Pipelines
- Water Treatment Plants
- Petrochemical
- Construction
- Pressure Vessels
- Phosphate Mining
