ASTM A653

Description

ASTM A653 / A653M

ASTM A653/A653M is a standard specification for steel sheet, zinc-coated (galvanized) or zinc-iron alloy-coated (galvannealed) by the hot-dip process. It covers the requirements for galvanized steel sheets in coils and cut lengths, used in applications like construction, automotive, and appliances.

Key Features

• Hot-dip galvanized or galvannealed steel sheet
• Zinc (G) or Zinc-Iron alloy (A) coatings
• Various coating weights (e.g., G90, A60)
• Multiple steel grades (CS, FS, DDS, SS, HSLAS)
• Good corrosion resistance
• Suitable for forming, drawing, and structural use
• Used in automotive, construction, HVAC, appliances
• Optional spangle and surface treatments available

Technical Specifications of ASTM A653/A653M

• Scope:
  1. Covers steel sheet in coils and cut lengths with zinc or zinc-iron alloy coatings applied via hot-dip process.
  2. Applies to commercial, structural, forming, deep drawing, and high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel grades.
  3. Used in applications requiring corrosion resistance, such as construction, automotive, and appliances.
• Steel Types:
  1. Commercial Steel (CS): Types A, B, C; general-purpose with varying formability.
  2. Forming Steel (FS): Types A, B; improved ductility for moderate forming.
  3. Deep Drawing Steel (DDS): Enhanced formability for deep drawing applications.
  4. Extra Deep Drawing Steel (EDDS): Superior formability for complex shapes.
  5. Structural Steel (SS): Grades 33, 37, 40, 50, 55, 80; specified for strength and structural use.
  6. High-Strength Low-Alloy (HSLA): Grades with enhanced strength and specific chemical compositions.
  7. Solution Hardened Steel (SHS) and Bake Hardenable Steel (BHS): For specific strength and forming needs.
• Coating Types:
  1. Galvanized (Zinc Coating): Pure zinc coating for corrosion resistance.
  2. Galvannealed (Zinc-Iron Alloy Coating): Heat-treated zinc-iron alloy for improved weldability and paintability.
  3. Coatings can be regular spangle, minimized spangle, or spangle-free.
• Coating Designations:
  1. Coating weight/mass is specified (e.g., G60, G90, A40, A60).
     1. G: Galvanized (e.g., G60 = 0.60 oz/ft² total both sides, or ~183 g/m²).
     2. A: Galvannealed (e.g., A40 = 0.40 oz/ft² total both sides, or ~122 g/m²).
  2. Metric equivalents provided in A653M (SI units).
  3. Differential coatings (heavier on one side) are available.
• Coating Properties:
  1. Coating Weight/Mass: Measured per ASTM A90/A90M (triple-spot or single-spot tests).
  2. Adhesion: Coating must withstand bending without flaking or peeling.
  3. Surface Quality: Options include regular, chemically treated, oiled, or phosphated surfaces to prevent storage stains or enhance paintability.
• Dimensions:
  1. Thickness: Typically 0.010 in. to 0.187 in. (0.25 mm to 4.75 mm).
  2. Width: Up to 80 in. (2,032 mm) for coils or cut lengths.
  3. Tolerances: Per ASTM A924/A924M (general requirements for hot-dip coated steel).

ASTM A653/A653M Grades

• Commercial Steel (CS): Types A, B, C; general use, varying formability.
• Forming Steel (FS): Types A, B; moderate forming, 25–50 ksi yield.
• Deep Drawing Steel (DDS): High formability, ~20–40 ksi yield.
• Extra Deep Drawing Steel (EDDS): Superior formability, ~15–30 ksi yield.
• Structural Steel (SS): Grades 33, 37, 40, 50, 55, 80; 33–80 ksi yield.
• High-Strength Low-Alloy (HSLAS): Grades 40, 50, 60, 70, 80; 40–80 ksi yield.
• HSLAS-F: Grades 50, 60, 70, 80; improved formability.
• Solution Hardened Steel (SHS): Moderate strength, formability.
• Bake Hardenable Steel (BHS): Strengthens post-baking, automotive use.

Chemical Composition

Mechanical Properties

Surface Finishes

• Regular spangle
• Minimum spangle
• Zero spangle

 Surface Treatments

• Chemical passivation
• Oiling
• Dry/wet lubrication

Applications

• Automotive panels
• HVAC ducting
• Construction (roofing, siding)
• Electrical cabinets
• Appliances